Turismo

Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) na Gestão Estratégica de Produtos Turísticos: uma Revisão Sistemática

A presente revisão de literatura permitiu constatar que a maioria das publicações analisadas avaliou a satisfação e a lealdade da relação existente entre o uso das tecnologias de informação e os stakeholders. É importante notar que a definição de stakeholders integra todas as partes interessadas (e.g., governo, empresas do setor de viagens e turismo, os próprios turistas, entre outros) que estão diretamente ou indiretamente envolvidas com o turismo. O objetivo principal permitiu compreender que as tecnologias de informação aplicadas ao marketing e à gestão de produtos e destinos turísticos trouxeram a necessidade de uma reflexão sobre realidades muito distintas (por exemplo, ferramentas de marketing online, ferramentas de comunicação online das PMEs, aplicações das TICs aos operadores turísticos e às agências de viagens).

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Senior Entrepreneurship, Sustainable Tourism, and Preservation of Collective Memory

According to the United Nations General Assembly, the current decade (2021–2030) is that of Healthy Aging. In this study, through the methodology of a single and exploratory case study, using the interview and exploratory content analysis, we highlight the case of the Museum of Trades of Arts and Crafts (Capelas, S. Miguel-Azores). This is a successful case of self-taught museum collections and the reconversion of arts and crafts from the past (beginning of the second half of the twentieth century on the island of S. Miguel—Azores). The project Museum of Trades was created by an entrepreneur (retired teacher) who is aging healthy, puts into evidence, in the first place, a private collection of objects, forms of work, and commercial spaces at the time of the post-World War II period. This case also highlights a sustainable tourism project (particularly the senior tourism segment) where the interaction of tourists coexists with the memory of the past, the local community, and the biomaterials used (fish scales, fig kernels, onion and corn skins, clay), and artisans, in a particular way. Local history and individual and collective memory stand out as a tool for qualifying sustainable senior tourism and opening up the possibility of creative tourism.

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What drives senior tourists to travel to islands? The case of the Azores

Abstract

Purpose – According to the theory of push and pull factors, the current work aims to present two objectives: (1) to detect what attributes drive senior tourists to travel to the Azores islands, the role played by lecturing activities (LA) as push factors and their influence on the island’s offer (pull factors) are analysed; and (2) to understand the personal and contextual barriers of tourists to provide information to the agents who form part of the tourism supply process on the island.

Design/methodology/approach – The data has been processed using the statistical package SmartPLS version 26. Using an exploratory methodology based on SEM structural equations applied to small sample sizes, a tentative model has been generated to define the drivers of tourism for elderly people who visit the islands.

Findings – The research study reveals that LA are the key factor in completing the offering of tourist destinations in the Azores. Educational packages should be made available to senior tourists. Likewise, several tourism barriers, such as flight times, cost of the trip, concern about the safety of destinations, type of accommodation, language difficulties and medical and health care should also be revised by tourism authorities and flight stakeholders with regard to the Azores Islands.

Research limitations/implications – The reduced sample has made the results impossible to show greater predictive power.
Practical implications – The role played by push factors, such as lecturing or educational activities, and pull factors, such as the tourism offering by the island, allows us to envisage educational packages based on the preferences of senior tourists, such as attending lectures on the history of the Azores, gastronomy (traditional food), active ageing flora, and interesting facts and legends of the islands.

Social implications – As a push factor, social interaction has become the main motivation among senior tourists. Such tourists have conveyed not only their desire to meet other tourists but also their interest in socialising in tourist activities, relaxing and visiting other new places.
Originality/value – Even though LA are relatively common among university students and those with bachelor’s degrees, educational packages for senior tourism are now gaining in popularity. Better socio- economic conditions worldwide and easier access to education for mature people have allowed them to expand their knowledge by travelling to exotic destinations such as the Azores. This paper links that interest with barriers to travel as well as to the Azores’ rich touristic offering.

Keywords Push-pull factors, Senior tourism, Destination offering, Planning activities, Lecturing activities, Azores

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PERMA Model of Well-Being Applied to Portuguese Senior Tourists: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Abstract: Tourism has been affirmed as an activity that promotes health and well-being. The present study aims to present a confirmatory analysis of the PERMA model in a sample of Portuguese senior tourists who visited the island of São Miguel (Azores). After approval of the study by the ethics committee (reference 6/2022), a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, PERMA Profiler, and Life Satisfaction Scale—SWLS were applied to 1083 senior tourists (≥55 years) of various nationalities. To evaluate the PERMA model for senior tourism in Portugal, a total of 434 senior tourists of Portuguese nationality were extracted from the sample. The results revealed that most of the participants attributed scores above the midpoint in the five dimensions of PERMA (positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, accomplishment) and in the satisfaction with life scale. Using scale reliability analyses, we found that some of the dimensions in the PERMA model showed relatively low values both for Cronbach alpha and composite reliability. Several confirmatory structural equation models (single factorial, second order, and five factors) were calculated, as well as the usual adjustment measures, with the five-factor PERMA model presenting the best structure, although with a relatively low fit. The modification of the model by the weight of regressions between some of the items with larger covariances allowed a better adjustment: χ2(73) = 264.960, < 0.001, χ2/df = 3.63, CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.91, IFI = 0.94; GFI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.078, < 0.001. Although the results revealed that the experiences of senior tourists when visiting the island of São Miguel contributed significantly to their well-being and the modified model presented superior adjustment quality, future studies are suggested to evaluate the quality of the PERMA model applied to tourism.

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Senior Tourism in São Miguel Island – Azores: Proposal for a Religious and Cultural Route

Abstract. The archipelago of the Azores islands, comprising 9 islands in the Atlantic, has more than five hundred years of history, rich in cultural, natural, religious, architectonic, and intangible cultural heritage. The Azores islands, a travel destination holding a variety of awards (e.g., sustainability, biodiversity, safety, beauty, excellence, among others), is visited by millions of tourists every year, and senior tourism (55 years of age or older) was not an exception, making up over 25% of tourists. Information and communications technologies (ICTs), which are increasingly present in the daily life of generation W, contribute to the strategic innovation and (re)creation of tourism products in the Azores islands’ destination. The present paper aims to propose a religious and cultural route, based on a religious cult with more than three hundred years of existence which leads thousands of people (e.g., residents, immigrants, tourists) to the city of Ponta Delgada, on the 5th Sunday after Easter. Some of them are motivated by faith and devotion to Lord Holy Christ of Miracles while others are motivated by personal and cultural enrichment through contacting the habits and customs of the people from São Miguel Island. Using ICTs, we propose a tourist route that depicts the itinerary of the procession of Lord Holy Christ of Miracles, so that the senior tourist directly gets to know the cultural, religious, architectonic, and intangible heritage in a journey that starts in the 15th century until the 21st century. It is expected that the present route provides the senior tourist with a memorable experience that promotes well-being.

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Realidade Aumentada e a Inovação das Experiências Turísticas: Uma Revisão Integrativa

Resumo: A realidade aumentada (RA) tem sido considerada como uma tecnologia inovadora para a atividade turística. O objetivo foi do presente estudo, foi o de compreender qual a utilização da RA nas experiências turísticas. Através de três bases de dados (b-on, EBSCO e Web of Science) pesquisaram-se publicações em texto integral com revisão de pares entre os anos 2015 e 2020. Após leitura integral excluíram-se treze artigos, em que somente onze cumpriram os critérios de inclusão. Os resultados revelam que a maioria dos estudos, analisam quais os fatores que levam o turista a utilizar a RA; uma elevada preocupação sobre o uso desta tecnologia inovadora na divulgação dos produtos e serviços turísticos, e a falta de uma maior compreensão desta tecnologia inovadora no turismo. Aplicações de RA com um conteúdo robusto e de fácil acesso, têm um efeito direto e positivo na satisfação do turista. Estudos futuros devem analisar a relação entre a utilização da RA e o impacto desta tecnologia nas experiências hedónicas dos turistas.

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A Importância das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação no Turismo Sénior – Uma Revisão Sistemática

RESUMO: As tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) revolucionaram o quotidiano das sociedades e o desenvolvimento da economia à escala mundial. No turismo, a transformação digital assume um papel central, contribuindo para a divulgação dos produtos e serviços turísticos, permitindo que os stakeholders e turistas usufruam dos benefícios da globalização e das mudanças sociais. O turismo sénior é considerado um sector em forte expansão e, como tal, importa compreender a importância que estes turistas atribuem a estas tecnologias. Através de uma pesquisa na base de dados b-on ScienceDirect, foram analisados artigos em texto integral, filtrando-os em várias etapas de forma a selecionar somente os que cumpriam os critérios de inclusão. A presente revisão sistemática de literatura ambiciona contribuir para a compreensão da utilização que os turistas seniores fazem das TIC. Em resultado deste processo, foi possível constatar a tendência crescente do recurso às TIC pelos turistas seniores, que se beneficiam de novas experiências. As TIC potenciam o marketing dos stakeholders, melhoram a comunicação com os turistas e promovem destinos turísticos mais sustentáveis e inteligentes, incluindo as mais inovadoras como a realidade aumentada.

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Senior Tourism Activities and Interests in the Azores as a Destination

Abstract. The development of senior tourism requires in-depth knowledge of this market segment in order to support the definition of appropriate policies for the promotion and enhancement of this sector. Knowing in detail the interests and activities made available at the destination and ascertaining those that were carried out and the degree of tourists’ satisfaction with them are some of the purposes of this study comprising a thousand tourists who visited the Azores destination. Based on the sociodemographic characteristics of the visitors, motives for traveling, among others, the existence of different profiles of senior tourists was set. It appears that the profiles of tourists differ according to the thematic areas linked to the activities carried out. Knowledge of the interests and activities for this market segment will help public and private entities to make appropriate and attractive products and services available to senior tourists.

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